The heat damage caused by high temperature is an important factor causing casualties. Various fires, explosions, high temperature furnaces, arcs, molten metal splashes, and arc welding have thermal or potential thermal hazards. These sites often use functional textile materials with flame retardant properties. China's research on fabric thermal protection performance began with the development of a new generation of fire service. With the continuous improvement of people's quality of life, the application of flame-retardant and thermal protective clothing in the fields of taking, industrial and aerospace has been expanding, and high-performance thermal protective fabrics have become a research hotspot.

What are the performance requirements for flame retardant protective clothing in different application environments?

In the case of fire-fighting suits, the fabric must be flame-retardant; the garment maintains integrity after heat or melting, preventing heat transfer; there is no dripping of heat-conducting liquid such as coal tar during combustion; and oil, water, solvent, etc. are prevented from penetrating into the fabric. It must also have the ability to resist tearing, to prevent impact and collision of sharp objects.

In terms of combat training, there are higher requirements for its thermal protection performance. In actual combat, the burning of oil, the explosion of ammunition, the heat generated by the warhead and the nuclear heat pulse, and the survival time of the soldiers under these conditions are different. Soldiers in this environment require the outer layer of the garment to be exposed to flame and high temperature. It is flame retardant and heat-insulating, avoids heat shrinkage and degradation, and the textiles that come into contact with the skin require anti-melting and low smoke emission after exposure to heat. And low toxicity, to prevent poisoning gas in confined spaces such as ships, submarines, buildings and automobiles, higher than the amount of poisoning; at the same time, the training suit must also have the functions of moisture absorption, lightness, wear resistance and easy printing.

In the arc-proof clothing, the arc releases extremely high energy in an instant, which can cause electric shock, death, clothing ignition, tooling burst and continuous flame. The fabric is required to have flame retardant and heat insulation properties. The fabric will not burst when the temperature is high. The smoldering time is ≤ 2 s, and the damage length is ≤ 100 mm. At the same time, the fabric is not melted under high temperature or flame, and can be self-extinguishing after being separated from the flame. Stable, washing does not affect arc resistance.

What are the standards for flame retardant and thermal protective clothing at home and abroad?

There are 5 standards for flame retardant and thermal protective clothing in China, and there are 15 ISO standards. See the table below for details. Europe uses most of the ISO flame retardant protective clothing standards.

What improvements should China make in the standards of fire-retardant and thermal protective clothing?

Compared with ISO and CEN standards, China is more focused on the technical standards and product standards of protective clothing, and the method standards and management standards need to be supplemented. In terms of technical standards and product standards, China needs to follow up the research on the thermal shock resistance, flame retardant properties and other material properties of the fabrics of flame-retardant and heat-insulating suits, as well as the performance of the whole set of garments, and timely revision under the conditions of both protection and economy. Related technical requirements.

The management standard draws on CEN/TR 2801 to supplement the selection, use and maintenance standards for thermal protective clothing. In view of the method standards, China needs to supplement more standards in the test methods of flame-retardant and heat-insulating suits, including the insulation performance test of supplemental clothing materials such as ISO 6942, ISO 12127-1, ISO 12127-2, ISO 17492, ISO 17493. Method standards, refer to ISO 9151, ISO 15025 and other complementary flame retardant test method standards, draw reference to ISO 13506-2 supplemental thermal protective clothing skin burn calculation standards, refer to EN 348 to supplement the metal melt resistance performance test standards.