Jade is also known as Burmese jade. It is a jadeite produced in Myanmar. Japan, the Soviet Union, Mexico, California and other places all produce jadeite, but its quality and output are far less than the Union of Myanmar. In the Myitkyina region of the northern part of the Union of Myanmar, the jade deposits have the largest reserves, and the gem-quality jadeite has been mined very early and supplied to all parts of the world. Therefore, people only know that the Burmese Federation has produced jade for a long time. Therefore, the Union of Myanmar jade is synonymous with jadeite. Jadeite is a scientific name, while Burmese jade is a jargon of experts.

The fine jadeite is now cherished by more and more people in the world. At the same time, in the world of jewellery customs, people also set jade as the birthstone of May, a stone of kindness and enthusiasm. Jade is produced in the border of Burma and the border between China and Burma. A large amount of input into the Middle Kingdom is something after the middle of the Qing Dynasty. However, judging from the written records and unearthed physical records, the era of jade appeared much earlier.

[Emerald Gloss]

Jade is glassy, ​​translucent or transparent. Jadeite presents a variety of colors due to the presence of different dyed ions: usually white, red, green, purple, yellow, powder, and the like. Pure and non-impurity is white. If it contains chrome, it will be soft and bright green, dark green, and the name is Cui. This variety is the most expensive and is very popular among people. If it contains manganese, it is lavender and dark purple, often called spring land or glutinous rice. Iron-containing elements are dark red, maroon, and crimson, and are known as cockroaches. Containing chrome and copper, it is light blue and light cyan, known as olive water. In addition to good color, the high-grade jade is extremely important. Generally, the color is fresh and beautiful, the texture is transparent, and the glass gloss is strong. On the contrary, the texture is dry and the less transparent varieties are followed.

[The origin of jade]

The jade was originally the name of the bird. The interpretation of the jadeite by Xu Shen's "Speaking Words" in the Eastern Han Dynasty is: "Hey, Akabane is also. Cui, Green Feathers are also." "Han Han Ban Gu Chuan" Note: "The jade shape is like Yan, red and handsome翡, green and female jade.” From the analysis of its meaning, the above jade refers to the birds of red and green colors. In the Han Dynasty class "Xidu Fu" in the "Jade Cui Qi", the flow of the glory of the British, hanging Li thorns, the night is in the hustle and bustle." Zhang Heng "Xijing Fu" in the "Jade Cui Qi, the network with the beautiful jade. The embellishment with the beads is like a candle." From the context of the text, the jade is undoubtedly jade.

[The popularity of jade]

Legend has it that at the beginning of the thirteenth century, a salt merchant in Yunnan accidentally took a stone from Myanmar and returned to China. The crystal clear green stone suddenly conquered the Chinese of Aiyu. This stone is jade, because of its bright color and production. It is rare, has a glass luster, moisturizing texture, strong toughness and high hardness. It is called "hard jade" in the jade family, also known as "the king of jade".

Most of the jadeite origins belong to the undeveloped mountainous areas. Although they do not cause sorrows and sorrows, but the wolves and tigers and leopards, Mengyin and Shenshan often go to the day without seeing the sun, and the forests and the seas only have to ask the jade people to walk out of Xiaomao. The misty river, rolling turbidity, every summer thunderstorm, the water is everywhere, the smoke is smoldering, the smoke is three feet high, that is, the gathering is not scattered, people are in the boat, reach out and see the five fingers, such as into the Wuli fog. In addition to the smog and suffocation, mosquitoes and malaria, the environment is bad, plus the original tools, short dry season, lack of materials, jade mining, extremely difficult.

Until the 18th century, with the advancement of technology, Jadeite really entered China's Yunnan. Although jade is only 300 to 400 years from the introduction to the application, but because of the magical cultural connotation of people who love jade, its short and glorious history is enough to envy other jade, and it is combined with other jade. The Chinese nation has a long history of jade culture. In the Ming Dynasty, Burmese jade appeared in China; in the Qing Dynasty, because of the love of the princes and nobles (especially by the Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty and the love of the Empress Dowager Cixi), it was called "Royal Jade", and the jade was worth a hundred times and became the best in Yuzhong. . Emerald is closely related to people's lives. In the eyes of people, it is not only a beautiful stone, but also with mysterious beliefs and attachments. The ancients and today are all jade, jade, and jade. "The gentleman has no reason, and jade does not leave." Nowadays, it has become the most popular jade in the world of the Yellow Emperor and South Korea. Peiyu Aiyu has become a modern fashion.

[Formation of jade]

How is jade formed? There are many magical legends in the folks. Geologists have always regarded it as a mystery. Some people think that jade and diamonds are crystallized under the high temperature and high pressure conditions of several thousand degrees deep in the earth's crust, but it is not. Many geophysicists in the United States have done a lot of simulation experiments in the laboratory, and combined with the actual situation of jade deposits found around the world, they believe that jadeite is not formed under high temperature conditions, but under medium and low temperature conditions. Deteriorating causes under extremely high pressure.

Professor Iwakawa Ichiro of Tohoku University in Japan, in the book Gemma (published in 1983), specifically pointed out that jadeite is formed at 10,000 atmospheres and relatively low temperatures (200–300 ° C). We know that the earth is from the surface to the deep, and the deeper the temperature, the higher the pressure. However, jadeite is crystallized under low temperature and high pressure conditions. Of course, it is impossible to be in a deeper part. So where does the high pressure come from?

This high pressure is due to the squeezing force caused by the movement of the earth's crust. It has been confirmed that all areas with a distribution of jade deposits are areas with strong crustal movement. Another factor is that igneous rock intrusions (medium-based rocks) containing albite are found in places where jadeite is found. The chemical composition of albite is NaAlSi3O8, so it can be inferred that the jadeite is formed by the desiliconization of the rock containing sodium feldspar under medium and low temperature and high pressure conditions.

[Jadeite common sense]

Emerald land

Glass floor

Completely transparent and shiny. The transparency of jade is different from that of gems. A good glass bracelet looks transparent like crystal and has no impurities. The best is ice.

Water

Transparent as water, glass luster. Similar to glass, there is a small amount of impurities.

Egg green

The texture is like egg blue and the glass is shiny. Translucent, but relatively pure, no impurities.

Nasal

The texture is like a green nose and the glass is shiny. Translucent, but relatively pure, a small amount of impurities.

Qingshui

The texture is transparent, but the pan-green is a kind of water-green with green color. It is not as good as water because of color interference.

Gray water

The texture is translucent but grayish. Because of the gray color, the quality is worse than the green water.

Purple water

The texture is translucent, but the pan-purple tone. Unlike violets, which emphasize transparency, they are actually translucent violets.

Drowning

The texture is translucent, like drowning. Poor water in transparency.

Finely

Translucent, fine white. If the gloss is good, it is also a good jade carving raw material.

White sand

Translucent, sandy, white. Not delicate and fine white.

Grey sand

Translucent, sandy, gray. Not delicate gray white sand.

Bean green

Translucent, bean blue. It is actually a translucent variety of bean blue.

Purple flower

Translucent with uneven purple flowers. Violet for uneven color.

Blue and white

Translucent to opaque, with cyan stone. The texture is uneven, only suitable for jade carving.

White flower

Translucent to opaque, rough, and stone.

Porcelain

Translucent to opaque, white.

Dry white

Opaque, white.

Roughly

Opaque, rough, white.

Gray ground

Opaque, rough, gray.

Shitly

Brown, dark brown.

[Emerald maintenance]

Those who wear and collect jadeite should be careful not to collide and drop the jade pieces. Sometimes the surface looks like no damage, but in fact, after the collision, the internal structure of the jade has been damaged, and the dark lines are produced. Jade is very jealous of oily greasy. If it is a high-end goods that are worthwhile, you should not wear it into the kitchen to cook. Jade is also not suitable for close to high temperatures, but not for a long time. Because of this long-term, it is easy to produce physical changes and lose luster, not so fresh.

Jadeite should not be exposed to strong acid solutions, which would destroy the structure and color of the jadeite.

【history】

China is the country of beauty and jade. In people's minds, jade is a symbol of beauty and nobleness. A good jade should be hard and dense in texture and bright and colorful. Jade is the best of emerald green. It is a kind of pyroxene mineral aggregate mainly composed of jadeite mineral. Because of its uneven color, it has red and green chromophores on a light foundation. The beauty of color is like ancient times. The red-winged ostrich and the green-feathered kingfisher are called jade. Jadeite is recognized as the “king of jade” due to its transparent, lustrous, hard and brittle features. It is the most expensive gemstone variety with high economic value, collection value and ornamental value.

[Emerald A, B, C goods]

A goods

The jadeite that has not been chemically treated, the optimized jadeite also belongs to category A. It is not necessary to prove in the certificate. The main optimization methods are:

Bleaching: refers to the immersion of jade in dilute acid, "cleansing" the impurities on the surface of jade, the structural damage is only on the surface, and it is slight, no filler (except for waxing during polishing). Invasion treatment: increase transparency, improve appearance, and fill the surface gap.

B goods

Strong acid bleaching causes severe damage to the jade structure. It must be infused with a large amount of polymer to be used. The certificate must be marked with “treatment”.

C goods

The original color of the jade is poor, and after dyeing, it produces a vivid color, and also indicates "handling".

B+C goods

Some jadeites are strongly acidified and added to the color while adding a large amount of polymer consolidation.

[Easy identification of A, B, C goods of jadeite]

Put the jade under the fluorescent lamp and observe the color change. The A and C goods do not change. The B goods are fluorescent and white. The C cargo is dyed, so its color is distributed along the crack and the distribution is uneven. It can be seen by careful observation of the naked eye.